Open end cutting shoe



J- J- DOUGHERTY OPEN END CUTTING SHOE Aug. 1, 1967 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Oct. 19, 1964 IN. I I l L INVENTOR. JOHN J DouqHERTY BY w J Myy HTTORNEY 1967 J. J. DOUGHERTY 3,333,428

' OPEN END CUTTING SHOE Filed 06k. 19, 1964 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR JOHN J DOUGHERTY H T TORNE Y United States Patent 3,333,428 OPEN END CUTTING SHOE John J. Daugherty, Cedar Grove, NJ. (262 Rutherford Blvd., Clifton, NJ. 07014) Filed Oct. 19, 1964, Ser. No. 404,814 1 Claim. (Cl. 61--53) ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A pile driving shoe for vertical downward penetration of soil. The shoe has an annular body with an intermediate shoulder. Ribs extend from the shoulder. A central tubular member is supported by the ribs and extends below the bottom end edges of the body. A tapered cutting edge is formed on the bottom end of the tubular member below the ends of the ribs. The ribs have bottom tapered cutting edges. The outer surface of the annular body tapers downwardly and outwardly from the tubular member and the bottom ends of the ribs are pointed and disposed in a plane with the plane of the cutting edge of the tubular member.

Broadly, it is an important object of the present invention to provide a novel operated cutting shoe for use as a tip for piles which can be driven through layers of gravel, hardpan and coarse sand to rock or gravel boulder formations overlying rock. The shoe also may be used for wood piles to facilitate penetration of layers of coarse sand and gravel.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a rib-type of open end shoe that acts as a cutter, penetrating heavy layers of dense material such as decomposed rock, that when meeting boulders on its way down to proper bearing material, will either cut through such material or push such material aside, will dislodge large boulders and will prevent compaction of the earth. When encountering sloping bedrock, the shoe results in a properly seated straight pile with the ribs embedding themselves into rock and gripping such rock firmly. Thus the probability of damaged'or crushed shoes is reduced to a minimum resulting in an economy of operation.

A further object of the invention is to provide an openended cutting shoe that is simple and sturdy-in construction and economical to manufacture.

For further comprehension of the invention and of the objects and advantages thereof, reference will be had to the following description and accompanying drawings and to the appended claim wherein the novel features will be more particularly set forth.

In the accompanying drawings forming a material part of this disclosure:

FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of a rib-type pile shoe embodying the invention shown seated on the outside end of a pipe.

FIG. 2 is a bottom plan view of the shoe.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken on the line 33 of FIG. 2.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view taken on the line 4-4 of FIG. 2, parts being shown broken away.

FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 3 of a shoe embodying a modified form of the invention, the pipe being omitted.

FIG. 6 is a view similar to FIG. 5 of a shoe embodying still another modified form of the invention.

FIG. 7 is a view similar to FIG. 3 of a shoe embodying yet another modified form of the invention.

FIG. 8 is a view similar to FIG. 5 of a shoe embodying a fourth modified form of the invention.

FIG. 9 is a similar view of a shoe embodying a fifth modified form of the invention.

3,333,428 Patented Aug. 1, 1967 FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line 10-10 of FIG. 11 of a shoe embodying a sixth modified.

form of the invention.

FIG. 11 is a bottom plan view of the shoe shown in FIG. 10.

Referring in detail to the various views of the drawings, in FIGS. 1 to 4, there is shown a rib-type driving shoe 10 for a pipe pile 12, which shoe is preferably made of cast steel but may be made of other materials, such as cast iron or other metals or alloyed metals. The shoe 10 is cast with an annular body 14 having a circumferential shoulder 16 adjacent its bottom end as viewed in FIG. 3 and with an outwardly tapering bottom end edge 18. The inner surface of the body tapers downwardly and inwardly to the shoulder 16 as indicated at 20, so as to fit the outside of the pipe 12 so that the pipe can slide down the body 14 to the shoulder 16 and be somewhat wedged therein because of the taper of the body.

In accordance with the present invention, a series of spaced plate-like ribs 22 are integrally cast on the inner surface of the shoulder 16 and extend radially inwardly thereof. The ribs depend downwardly below the bottom edge 18 of the body 14, with the bottom edges thereof tapering downwardly and inwardly. The bottom edges of the ribs are also formed with opposed slanting portions terminating in knife edges 24. A tubular or hollow cylindrical member 26 is cast integrally with the inner long end edges of the ribs 22. The tubular member is disposed vertically and centrally of the annular body 14, being open top and bottom and having a straight up and down inner surface 28. An annular knife edge 30 is formed on the bottom end of the tubular member 26.

Instead of the ribs 22 being integrally cast as aforesaid, the ribs may be welded to the shoulder 16.

The pile shoes 10 are made in various sizes corresponding to the various diameters and thicknesses of pipe ordinarily used for piles. The shoe 10 may also be adapted to the various makes and diameters of mandrel driven shells.

FIG. 5 differs from FIG. 1 in showing the central tubular member 27 tapered downwardly and inwardly instead of being straight up and down; and FIG. 6 differs from FIG. 1 in showing the ribs 29 extended straight across at the top end edge of the central tubular member 26 to the inner surface of the annular body 14 and extending straight across at the bottom from the bottom end edge of the outer surface of the central tubular member to the inner surface of the annular body, the ribs being rectangular in side elevation.

In the modified form of shoe 10' shown in FIG. 7, the tapered annular body is made to fit the inside of the pipe 12 so that the body 14 can he slipped up along the inside of the pipe and the pipe is somewhat wedged therein because of the taper of the body 14. The shoulder 16' is wide enough to accommodate the thickness of the pipe 12'. It is then preferable to weld the body 14' to the pipe 12' together to insure that the body will not become dislodged from the pipe when it is driven into the ground.

FIG. 8 illustrates a modified form of shoe 10 very much like the shoe 10 of FIG. 1 except that the bottom end edge of the annular body 14 slants downwardly and inwardly as indicated at 34 and not downwardly and outwardly as the bottom end edge 18 shown in FIG. 3, and the upper bottom edges of the ribs 22. extend to the outer surface of the bottom end of the body, thereby eliminating the gutter formed by the downwardly and inwardly slanting bottom edge of the annular body of the shoe of FIG. 1.

Another modified form of shoe 10" is shown in FIG. 9 which differs from the shoe 10 of FIG. 8 in that the central tubular member 26" extends upwardly to the top edge of the annular body 14" and the top edges of the 3 ribs 22" extend downwardly and outwardly from the top edge of the tubular member 26" to the shoulder 16". The bottom straight edges of the ribs extend from the bottom knife edge of the tubular member to the inner surface of the annular body.

In this form of shoe the straight bottom edges 24" of the ribs together with the knife edge around the bottom edge of the central tubular member cut through the gravel, hardpan, boulders and rock.

Referring now to the modified form of shoe 10x shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, herein the shoe 10x has an annular body 14x made to slide inside the inner side of the bottom end of the pipe and fit therein. The shoulder 16x is formed approximately half way up the body of the outside thereof and is sufficiently wide to accommodate the thickness of the pipe. The bottom end edge of the annular body tapers downwardly and inwardly as indicated at 36.

The central member 26x extends upwardly to the shoulder 16x and downwardly below the bottom end edge of the annular body 14x and is provided with a knife edge 30x at the bottom end thereof. The ribs 22x at the top extend straight across from the top edge of the central tubular member 26x to the inner surface of the annular body; and at the bottom the ribs extend downwardly below the bottom end edge of the annular body and outwardly to a plane with the bottom end edge of the central tubular member 26x, and extend outwardly to the outer surface of the annular body. The bottom slanting end edges of the ribs are formed with knife edges 24x.

In the use of the improved shoe, it is preferable that all material accumulated in the pile during the driving operation be cleaned out by any of the various methods now in use such as by buckets, clam shell buckets, augers o-r flushed out by air or water. In other words, the pile itself must rest on rock and be cleaned out before it can be filled with concrete. When using the improved shoe in penetrating clay layers, the clay layers or beds are broken up so that it is much easier to clean out the pile.

In all forms of the shoe, the bottom end edge of the annular body, the bottom end edge of the tubular member and the bottom end edges of the ribs act as cutters penetrating heavy layers of dense material such as decomposed rock and sand, that when meeting boulders on the way down will either cut through such material or dislodge or push such material aside. The shoe will not slide 4 oif sloping rock but will embed itself into such rock.

When encountering sloping bedrock, the ribs will embed themselves into such rock and grip such rock firmly resulting in a properly seated straight and plumb pile. The shoe will not be crushed by projecting rock and will reduce the danger of pile failure due to overdriving.

While I have illustrated and described the preferred embodiments of my invention, it will be understood that changes might be made therein without departingfrom the principle of the invention and I desire therefore to be limited only by the state of the prior art and the appended claim.

I claim:

A pile driving shoe for vertical downward pentration of soil comprising an annular body, an upwardly facing shoulder on the body intermediate its top and bottom ends, the outer surface of said annular body tapering upwardly and inwardly above said shoulder, a plurality of identical ribs extending downwardly from the bottom end of said annular body, a central tubular member supported by said ribs and extending to a point below the bottom end edge of the annular body, said tubular member having a tapered cutting edge on its bottom end, the bottom edges of said ribs being tapered constituting cutting edges, the outer surface of the annular body, at its bottom end, tapering downwardly and inwardly and the ribs tapering downwardly and outwardly substantially from the central tubular member, the bottom ends of the ribs being pointed and disposed in a plane with the plane of the cutting edge of the central tubular member.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 226,237 4/1880 Maclay 61-53 228,467 6/1880 Maclay 61-53 262,569 8/1882 Case 61-53 1,252,426 1/1918 Gnade -402 2,562,860 7/1951 CObi 61-53 2,821,069 1/1958 Fox 61-53 2,864,241 12/1958 Fiore et a1. 61-53 2,874,547 2/1959 Fiore et al. 175-414 X 2,932,952 4/1960 Fox 61-53 3,218,813 11/1965 Fiore 175-19 X CHARLES E. OCONNELL, Primary Examiner.

I. A. CALVERT, Assistant Examiner. 

